Original Article

Actual situation of nutritional management and factors related to activities of daily living ability at discharge in convalescent rehabilitation ward

Tsukasa Saito, MD, PhD, Masafumi Kamachi, MD
Jpn J Compr Rehabil Sci 15: 71-78, 2024

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate changes in the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), a nutrition-related prognostic indicator, in our convalescent rehabilitation ward and determine how this index relates to activities of daily living (ADL) ability at discharge.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 107 patients admitted to our convalescent rehabilitation ward between April and September 2023. We used the GNRI as the nutritional risk index and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) as the ADL index.
Results: The patients' mean age was 80.0 +- 10.3 years; 38 were males and 69 females. The patients' mean body weight at admission was 51.2 +- 10.2 kg, which significantly decreased to 50.2 +- 9.4 kg at discharge (p = 0.0006). Their mean body mass index (BMI) also significantly decreased from 21.4 +- 3.4 at admission to 20.0 +- 8.2 at discharge (p = 0.002). The mean GNRI significantly decreased from 93.1 +- 8.6 at admission to 91.7 +- 8.4 at discharge (p = 0.023). The mean body weight decreased until the fourth month after admission; however, no decreasing trend after the fifth month was observed. The mean monthly energy intake gradually increased after admission and reached the calculated energy requirement of 1,415 +- 22 kcal at the fifth month. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that at discharge, the GNRI score was positively associated with the FIM score (B = 0.21, p = 0.0008).
Conclusion: Body weight and GNRI scores decreased after admission but stopped decreasing after the fifth month due to a gradual increase in energy intake. At discharge, the FIM score was positively associated with the GNRI score. We expected that active nutritional therapy from the beginning of hospitalization would increase the GNRI by the time of discharge and eventually improve ADL ability at discharge.

Key words: undernutrition, GNRI, convalescent rehabilitation, FIM, rehabilitative nutrition

Contents (volume 15)